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Rates and allowances

Before and after, from Annex A of the Overview of tax legislation and rates. 148 figures change.

Savings ratesPersonal tax and benefits

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

Savings rates2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Savings basic rate20%24%+4 pts
Savings higher rate40%44%+4 pts
Savings additional rate45%49%+4 pts

Property ratesPersonal tax and benefits

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

Property rates2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Property basic rateNot applicable24%New
Property higher rateNot applicable44%New
Property additional rateNot applicable49%New

Income Tax rates for trustees’ incomePersonal tax and benefits

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Property basic rateNot applicable*24%Changed
Savings basic rateNot applicable*24%Changed
Property trust rate for accumulated and discretionary property incomeNot applicable*49%Changed
Savings trust rate for accumulated and discretionary savings incomeNot applicable*49%Changed

Personal AllowanceIncome Tax allowances

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Income limit for Married Couple’s Allowance£39,200£40,600+£1,400

Married Couple’s Allowance for those born before 6 April 1935Income Tax allowances

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Maximum amount of Married Couple’s Allowance£11,700£12,110+£410
Minimum amount of Married Couple’s Allowance£4,530£4,690+£160

Qualifying Care ReliefIncome Tax allowances

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Annual fixed amount£20,440£21,160+£720
Weekly amount — children under 11 years£435£455+£20
Weekly amount — children 11 years or older£515£535+£20
Weekly amount — adults£515£535+£20

Company car tax — all carsIncome Tax allowances

CO2 emissions, g/km · Electric range (miles) · 2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

Annex A gives 5 years; 2026 to 2027 and 2027 to 2028 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

CO2 emissions, g/km · Electric range (miles)2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
04%5%+1 pt
1 to 50 · More than 1304%5%+1 pt
1 to 50 · 70 to 1297%8%+1 pt
1 to 50 · 40 to 6911%12%+1 pt
1 to 50 · 30 to 3913%14%+1 pt
1 to 50 · Less than 3015%16%+1 pt
51 to 5416%17%+1 pt
55 to 5917%18%+1 pt
60 to 6418%19%+1 pt
65 to 6919%20%+1 pt

Employee and employer Class 1 rates and thresholds (£ per week)National Insurance contributions

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Lower Earnings Limit (LEL)£129£133+£4

Class 2 thresholds (£ annual profit)Self-employed Class 2 contributions rates and thresholds (£ per week)

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Small Profits Thresholds (SPT)£7,105£7,355+£250

Class 2 contribution rates (£ per week)Self-employed Class 2 contributions rates and thresholds (£ per week)

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

Annual Profits Band2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Below Small Profits Threshold (SPT)£3.65 (voluntary)£3.80 (voluntary)+£0.15
Special Class 2 rate for share fisherman£4.30£4.45+£0.15
Special Class 2 rate for volunteer development workers£6.45£6.65+£0.20

Class 3 National Insurance contributions rates (£ per week)National Insurance contributions

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Voluntary contributions£18.40£19.05+£0.65

Child Benefit (£ per week)Child Benefit and Guardian’s Allowance

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Eldest or only child£27.05£28.00+£0.95
Other children£17.90£18.55+£0.65

Guardian’s Allowance (£ per week)Child Benefit and Guardian’s Allowance

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Guardian’s Allowance£22.95£23.75+£0.80

Rate on gains subject to founders’ reliefCapital, assets and property

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Income Tax basic rate payerNot applicable10%New
Income Tax higher rate payerNot applicable10%New

Business asset disposal relief: lifetime limit on qualifying gainsCapital, assets and property

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Income Tax basic rate payer£1 million£500,000Changed
Income Tax higher rate payer£1 million£500,000Changed

Founders’ relief: lifetime limit on gains for external investorsCapital, assets and property

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Income Tax basic rate payerNot applicable£10 millionNew
Income Tax higher rate payerNot applicable£10 millionNew

Temporary Repatriation FacilityCapital, assets and property

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Rate of designated foreign income and gains (FIG)12%15%+3 pts

Annual Tax on Enveloped Dwellings (ATED)Capital, assets and property

Taxable value of the property · 2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

Taxable value of the property2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
£500,001 to £1 million£4,600£4,750+£150
£1,000,001 to £2 million£9,450£9,750+£300
£2,000,001 to £5 million£32,200£33,300+£1,100
£5,000,001 to £10 million£75,450£78,050+£2,600
£10,000,001 to £20 million£151,450£156,750+£5,300
Over £20 million£303,450£314,050+£10,600

Corporation Tax allowance and reliefsBusiness and financial services

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Plant and machinery: main rate expenditure14%12%−2 pts
Film tax relief25%N/A ceasedChanged
High-end TV tax relief25%N/A ceasedChanged
Animation tax relief25%N/A ceasedChanged
Children’s TV tax relief25%N/A ceasedChanged
Videogames tax relief25%N/A ceasedChanged

Energy Profits Levy — Energy Security Investment MechanismBusiness and financial services

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Oil threshold price$78.65 per barrelThreshold to be confirmed in January 2027Changed
Gas threshold price£0.61 per thermThreshold to be confirmed in January 2027Changed

Electricity Generator LevyBusiness and financial services

1 Jul 2026 to 31 Mar 2027 → 2027 to 2028

Annex A gives 4 years; 1 Jul 2026 to 31 Mar 2027 and 2027 to 2028 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

Financial year1 Jul 2026 to 31 Mar 20272027 to 2028Change
Rate · 45%55%Changed
Benchmark price · £79.95 per megawatt hourTo be uprated by CPI as at Dec 2026Changed
Allowance · £10 million£10 millionChanged

Business ratesBusiness and financial services

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
England standard multiplier48 pence49.7 pence+1.7p
England small business multiplier43.2 pence44.7 pence+1.5p
England standard retail, hospitality and leisure (RHL) multiplier43 pence44.7 pence+1.7p
England small business RHL multiplier38.2 pence39.7 pence+1.5p
England high-value multiplier50.8 pence52.5 pence+1.7p

Alcohol DutyIndirect tax

Previous rates from 1 February 2026 → Duty rate from 1 February 2027 until 1 February 2028

ProductPrevious rates from 1 February 2026Duty rate from 1 February 2027 until 1 February 2028Change
All alcoholic products: less than 3.5% alcohol by volume (ABV)£9.96£10.41+£0.45
Still cider and perry: at least 3.5% — less than 8.5% ABV£10.39£10.86+£0.47
Sparkling cider and perry: at least 3.5% — not exceeding 5.5% ABV£10.39£10.86+£0.47
Beer: at least 3.5% — less than 8.5% ABV£22.58£23.61+£1.03
Spirits, wine, and other fermented products: at least 3.5% — less than 8.5% ABV£26.61£27.82+£1.21
Sparkling cider and perry: exceeding 5.5% ABV — less than 8.5% ABV£26.61£27.82+£1.21
All alcoholic products: at least 8.5% but not exceeding 22% ABV£30.62£32.01+£1.39
All alcoholic products: exceeding 22% ABV£33.99£35.54+£1.55

Reduced rates for qualifying draught productsAlcohol Duty

Previous rates from 1 February 2026 → Duty rate from 1 February 2027 until 1 February 2028

ProductPrevious rates from 1 February 2026Duty rate from 1 February 2027 until 1 February 2028Change
All alcoholic products: less than 3.5% ABV£8.58£8.97+£0.39
Still cider and perry: at least 3.5% — less than 8.5% ABV£8.95£9.36+£0.41
Sparkling cider and perry: at least 3.5% — not exceeding 5.5% ABV£8.95£9.36+£0.41
Beer, spirits, wine, and other fermented products: at least 3.5% (but less than 8.5% ABV)£19.45£20.34+£0.89
Sparkling cider and perry: exceeding 5.5% — less than 8.5% ABV£19.45£20.34+£0.89

Gambling dutiesIndirect tax

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Percentage of ‘net stake receipts’ for remote fixed odds bets (not including UK horse races)15%25%+10 pts

Soft Drinks Industry LevyIndirect tax

To 31 March 2027 → From 1 April 2028

To 31 March 2027From 1 April 2028Change
Standard rate£2.08 per 10 litres£2.25 per 10 litres+£0.17
Higher rate£2.78 per 10 litres£3.01 per 10 litres+£0.23

Main rates of Climate Change LevyIndirect tax

From 1 April 2027 → From 1 April 2028

Taxable commodityFrom 1 April 2027From 1 April 2028Change
Gas supplied by a gas utility or any gas supplied in a gaseous state that is of a kind supplied by a gas utility (£ per kilowatt hour)0.008270.00853+0.00026
Any other taxable commodity (£ per kilogram)0.064680.06669+0.00201

Aggregates LevyIndirect tax

From 1 April 2026 → From 1 April 2027

Taxable commodityFrom 1 April 2026From 1 April 2027Change
Commercially exploited taxable aggregate£2.16 per tonne£2.26Changed

Landfill TaxIndirect tax

From 1 April 2026 → From 1 April 2027

Material sent to landfillFrom 1 April 2026From 1 April 2027Change
Standard rated (per tonne)£130.75£136.70+£5.95
Lower rated (per tonne)£8.65£14.60+£5.95

Air Passenger Duty ratesIndirect tax

2027 to 2028 → 2028 to 2029

Annex A gives 3 years; 2027 to 2028 and 2028 to 2029 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

Bands2027 to 20282028 to 2029Change
Domestic (flights within the UK) · Reduced rate£8.26£8.52+£0.26
Domestic (flights within the UK) · Standard rate£16.52£17.03+£0.51
Domestic (flights within the UK) · Higher rate£146.63£151.18+£4.55
Band A (0 to 2,000 miles) · Reduced rate£15.49£15.97+£0.48
Band A (0 to 2,000 miles) · Standard rate£33.04£34.07+£1.03
Band A (0 to 2,000 miles) · Higher rate£146.63£151.18+£4.55
Band B (2,001 to 5,500 miles · Reduced rate£105.33£108.60+£3.27
Band B (2,001 to 5,500 miles · Standard rate£251.95£259.77+£7.82
Band B (2,001 to 5,500 miles · Higher rate£1,132.76£1,167.93+£35.17
Band C (over 5,500 miles) · Reduced rate£109.46£112.86+£3.40
Band C (over 5,500 miles) · Standard rate£261.25£269.36+£8.11
Band C (over 5,500 miles) · Higher rate£1,178.20£1,214.78+£36.58

Light oilsFuel Duty

Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027 → Rates from 1 July 2027

Annex A gives 3 dates; Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027 and Rates from 1 July 2027 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027Rates from 1 July 2027Change
Unleaded petrol£0.5295£0.6059+£0.0764
Light oil (other than unleaded petrol or aviation gasoline)£0.6267£0.7075+£0.0808
Aviation gasoline (Avgas)£0.3629£0.3994+£0.0365
Light oil delivered to an approved person for use as furnace fuel£0.0978£0.1119+£0.0141

Heavy oilsFuel Duty

Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027 → Rates from 1 July 2027

Annex A gives 3 dates; Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027 and Rates from 1 July 2027 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027Rates from 1 July 2027Change
Heavy oil (diesel)£0.5295£0.6059+£0.0764
Marked gas oil (red diesel)£0.0648£0.1165+£0.0517
Fuel oil£0.0978£0.1119+£0.0141
Heavy oil other than fuel oil, gas oil or kerosene for use as fuel£0.0978£0.1119+£0.0141
Kerosene for use as fuel for an excepted machine (other than for heating)£0.0648£0.1165+£0.0517

BiofuelsFuel Duty

Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027 → Rates from 1 July 2027

Annex A gives 3 dates; Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027 and Rates from 1 July 2027 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027Rates from 1 July 2027Change
Bioethanol£0.5295£0.6059+£0.0764
Biodiesel£0.5295£0.6059+£0.0764
Biodiesel for use in an excepted machine£0.0648£0.1165+£0.0517
Biodiesel blended with gas oil for use in an excepted machine£0.0648£0.1165+£0.0517

Road fuel gasesFuel Duty

Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027 → Rates from 1 July 2027

Annex A gives 3 dates; Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027 and Rates from 1 July 2027 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027Rates from 1 July 2027Change
Natural road fuel gas including biogas (£ per kilogram)0.2257 £/kg0.2582 £/kg+0.0325
Other road fuel gases including liquefied petroleum gas (£ per kilogram)0.2888 £/kg0.3305 £/kg+0.0417

Other fuelsFuel Duty

Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027 → Rates from 1 July 2027

Annex A gives 3 dates; Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027 and Rates from 1 July 2027 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

Rates from 15 June 2026 to 30 June 2027Rates from 1 July 2027Change
Aqua-methanol set aside for road use£0.0722£0.0826+£0.0104

Vehicle Excise Duty (VED) bands and rates for cars first registered on or after 1 April 2017Indirect tax

CO2 emissions (g/km) · 2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

Annex A gives 3 years; 2026 to 2027 and 2027 to 2028 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

CO2 emissions (g/km)2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Standard rate (all bands)200210+10
1 to 50 · First year rate115120+5
51 to 75 · First year rate135140+5
76 to 90 · First year rate280295+15
91 to 100 · First year rate365380+15
101 to 110 · First year rate405425+20
111 to 130 · First year rate455475+20
131 to 150 · First year rate560585+25
151 to 170 · First year rate1,4101,475+65
171 to 190 · First year rate2,2702,375+105
191 to 225 · First year rate3,4203,575+155
226 to 255 · First year rate4,8505,070+220
Over 255 · First year rate5,6905,950+260

Vehicle Excise Duty bands and rates for cars first registered on or after 1 March 2001Indirect tax

Vehicle Excise Duty band · CO2 emissions (g/km) · 2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

Annex A gives 3 years; 2026 to 2027 and 2027 to 2028 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

Vehicle Excise Duty band · CO2 emissions (g/km)2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
D · 121 to 130170180+10
E · 131 to 140200210+10
F · 141 to 150225235+10
G · 151 to 165275290+15
H · 166 to 175325340+15
I · 176 to 185360375+15
J · 186 to 200410430+20
K · 201 to 225445465+20
L · 226 to 255760795+35
M · Over 255790825+35

Vehicle Excise Duty bands and rates for cars and vans registered before 1 March 2001Indirect tax

Engine size · 2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

Annex A gives 3 years; 2026 to 2027 and 2027 to 2028 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

Engine size2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
1549cc and below230240+10
Above 1549cc375390+15

Vehicle Excise Duty bands and rates for vans registered on or after 1 March 2001Indirect tax

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

Annex A gives 3 years; 2026 to 2027 and 2027 to 2028 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

Vehicle registration date2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
All other vans360375+15

Vehicle Excise Duty bands and rates for motorcyclesIndirect tax

Engine Size · 2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

Annex A gives 3 years; 2026 to 2027 and 2027 to 2028 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

Engine Size2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Not over 150cc2728+1
151cc to 400cc5962+3
401cc to 600cc9094+4
Over 600cc125131+6

Vehicle Excise Duty bands and rates for motor tricyclesIndirect tax

Engine Size · 2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

Annex A gives 3 years; 2026 to 2027 and 2027 to 2028 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

Engine Size2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Not over 150cc2728+1
All other tricycles125131+6

Vehicle Excise Duty bands and rates for trade licencesIndirect tax

2026 to 2027 → 2027 to 2028

Annex A gives 3 years; 2026 to 2027 and 2027 to 2028 are shown. Open a row to see them all.

Vehicle type2026 to 20272027 to 2028Change
Available for all vehicles177185+8
Available only for bicycle sand tricycles (weighing no more than 450kg without a sidecar)125131+6
Budget 2026 rates and allowances, before and after | Tallia